diff --git a/app/cmdparse/formatters.py b/app/cmdparse/formatters.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5f23b32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/cmdparse/formatters.py
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+"""Output formatting utilities."""
+
+from typing import Any, Dict, List
+import json
+import yaml
+
+
+def format_data(data: List[Dict[str, Any]], format: str) -> str:
+    """Format parsed data into the specified output format."""
+    if not data:
+        return ''
+
+    if format == 'json':
+        return json.dumps(data, indent=2)
+    elif format == 'yaml':
+        return yaml.safe_dump(data, default_flow_style=False)
+    elif format == 'csv':
+        if not data:
+            return ''
+        headers = list(data[0].keys())
+        lines = [','.join(headers)]
+        for row in data:
+            lines.append(','.join(str(row.get(h, '')) for h in headers))
+        return '\n'.join(lines)
+    else:
+        return '\n'.join(str(row) for row in data)